Australia

Climates: Tropical, Arid (desert)

Perciformes - Perches

Coral hind (Cephalopholis miniata)

Giant grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus)

Blacktip grouper (Epinephelus fasciatus)

Honeycomb grouper (Epinephelus merra)

Potato grouper (Epinephelus tukula)

Spinecheek anemonefish (Premnas biaculeatus)

Indian Ocean oriental sweetlips (Plectorhinchus vittatus)

Clown anemonefish (Amphiprion ocellaris)

Spotted soapfish (Pogonoperca punctata)

Randall’s tilefish (Hoplolatilus randalli)

Goldenstriped soapfish (Grammistes sexlineatus)

Slender grouper (Anyperodon leucogrammicus)

Harlequin sweetlips (Plectorhinchus chaetodonoides)

Barramundi (Lates calcarifer)

Saddleback clownfish (Amphiprion polymnus)

Goldribbon soapfish (Aulacocephalus temminckii)

False scorpionfish (Centrogenys vaigiensis)

Two-spot red snapper (Lutjanus bohar)

Waigieu seaperch (Psammoperca waigiensis)

Spikey bass (Hypopterus macropterus)

Sailfin snapper (Symphorichthys spilurus)

Emperor red snapper (Lutjanus sebae)

Ribboned sweetlips (Plectorhinchus polytaenia)

Harry hotlips (Plectorhinchus gibbosus)

Orange-striped emperor (Lethrinus obsoletus)

Spotted coralgrouper (Plectropomus maculatus)

Yellowbanded sweetlips (Plectorhinchus lineatus)

Two-spot banded snapper (Lutjanus biguttatus)

Darkfin hind (Cephalopholis urodeta)

Roving coral grouper (Plectropomus pessuliferus)

Midnight snapper (Macolor macularis)

Masked grouper (Gracila albomarginata)

Black and white snapper (Macolor niger)

Lemonfish (Plectorhinchus flavomaculatus)

One-blotch grouper (Epinephelus melanostigma)

Brownstripe red snapper (Lutjanus vitta)

One-spot snapper (Lutjanus monostigma)

Pearl perch (Glaucosoma scapulare)

Longface emperor (Lethrinus olivaceus)

Yellow-banded snapper (Lutjanus adetii)

Blackspot snapper (Lutjanus ehrenbergii)

Two-striped sweetlips (Plectorhinchus albovittatus)

Painted sweetlip (Plectorhinchus picus)

Bowtie damselfish (Neoglyphidodon melas)

Blacktail snapper (Lutjanus fulvus)

Yellow-edged lyretail (Variola louti)

Bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix)

Dory snapper (Lutjanus fulviflamma)

Starck’s demoiselle (Chrysiptera starcki)

One-spot damselfish (Chrysiptera unimaculata)

Humpback red snapper (Lutjanus gibbus)

Peacock hind (Cephalopholis argus)

Humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis)

Russell's snapper (Lutjanus russellii)

Comet grouper (Epinephelus morrhua)

Blubberlip snapper (Lutjanus rivulatus)

Spangled emperor (Lethrinus nebulosus)

Common bluestripe snapper (Lutjanus kasmira)

Malabar grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus)

Siluriformes - Catfishes

Blue salmon catfish (Neoarius graeffei)

Centrarchiformes - Basses and sunfishes

Blackside hawkfish (Paracirrhites forsteri)

Arc-eye hawkfish (Paracirrhites arcatus)

Coral hawkfish (Cirrhitichthys oxycephalus)

Spotted hawkfish (Cirrhitichthys aprinus)

Dwarf hawkfish (Cirrhitichthys falco)

Bermuda sea chub (Kyphosus sectatrix)

Brassy chub (Kyphosus vaigiensis)

Longnose hawkfish (Oxycirrhites typus)

Gadiformes - Cods

Abyssal grenadier (Coryphaenoides armatus)

Spariformes - Breams and porgies

Atlantic tripletail (Lobotes surinamensis)

Two-lined monocle bream (Scolopsis bilineata)

Goldlined seabream (Rhabdosargus sarba)

Carangiformes - Jacks

Striped marlin (Kajikia audax)

Yellowtail amberjack (Seriola lalandi)

Longfin yellowtail (Seriola rivoliana)

Black marlin (Istiompax indica)

Indo-Pacific sailfish (Istiophorus platypterus)

Cobia (Rachycentron canadum)

Greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili)

Blue marlin (Makaira nigricans)

Common dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus)

Samson fish (Seriola hippos)

Shortbill spearfish (Tetrapturus angustirostris)

Black jack (Caranx lugubris)

Rainbow runner (Elagatis bipinnulata)

Bluefin trevally (Caranx melampygus)

Giant trevally (Caranx ignobilis)

Bigeye trevally (Caranx sexfasciatus)

Golden trevally (Gnathanodon speciosus)

Torpedo scad (Megalaspis cordyla)

Swordfish (Xiphias gladius)

Labriformes - Wrasses

Canary wrasse (Halichoeres chrysus)

Blue-spotted wrasse (Anampses caeruleopunctatus)

Eastern blue groper (Achoerodus viridis)

Blackfin hogfish (Bodianus loxozonus)

Barred thicklip (Hemigymnus fasciatus)

Splitlevel hogfish (Bodianus mesothorax)

Blackeye thicklip wrasse (Hemigymnus melapterus)

Lyretail hogfish (Bodianus anthioides)

Yellowbreasted wrasse (Anampses twistii)

Harlequin tuskfish (Choerodon fasciatus)

Cylindrical Hogfish (Bodianus cylindriatus)

Redfin hogfish (Bodianus dictynna)

Purple tuskfish (Choerodon cephalotes)

Clown wrasse (Coris aygula)

Spottail coris (Coris caudimacula)

Yellowstripe coris (Coris flavovittata)

Orange-dotted tuskfish (Choerodon anchorago)

Yellowtail wrasse (Coris gaimard)

African wrasse (Coris cuvieri)

Humphead wrasse (Cheilinus undulatus)

Axilspot hogfish (Bodianus axillaris)

Batu coris (Coris batuensis)

Yellowblotch razorfish (Iniistius aneitensis)

Redbreasted wrasse (Cheilinus fasciatus)

Peacock wrasse (Iniistius pavo)

Greenbone (Odax pullus)

Fivefinger razorfish (Iniistius pentadactylus)

Saddle wrasse (Thalassoma duperrey)

Jansen’s wrasse (Thalassoma jansenii)

Lined hogfish (Bodianus leucosticticus)

Bird wrasse (Gomphosus varius)

Sling-jaw wrasse (Epibulus insidiator)

Dusky wrasse (Halichoeres marginatus)

Zigzag wrasse (Halichoeres scapularis)

Green humphead parrotfish (Bolbometopon muricatum)

Tail-spot wrasse (Halichoeres melanurus)

Checkerboard wrasse (Halichoeres hortulanus)

Acanthuriformes - Surgeonfishes

Achilles tang (Acanthurus achilles)

Whitecheek surgeonfish (Acanthurus nigricans)

Banded sergeant (Abudefduf septemfasciatus)

Elongate surgeonfish (Acanthurus mata)

Powderblue surgeonfish (Acanthurus leucosternon)

Convict surgeonfish (Acanthurus triostegus)

Copperband butterflyfish (Chelmon rostratus)

Yellowfin surgeonfish (Acanthurus xanthopterus)

Japanese meagre (Argyrosomus japonicus)

Redtail butterflyfish (Chaetodon collare)

Orangespot surgeonfish (Acanthurus olivaceus)

Short-nosed unicornfish (Naso brevirostris)

Bluespine unicornfish (Naso unicornis)

Pacific double-saddle butterflyfish (Chaetodon ulietensis)

Whitemargin unicornfish (Naso annulatus)

Threespot angelfish (Apolemichthys trimaculatus)

Scissortail sergeant (Abudefduf sexfasciatus)

Yellowtail angelfish (Apolemichthys xanthurus)

Bluering angelfish (Pomacanthus annularis)

Regal angelfish (Pygoplites diacanthus)

Blackspot sergeant (Abudefduf sordidus)

Bicolor angelfish (Centropyge bicolor)

Semicircled angelfish (Pomacanthus semicirculatus)

Peppermint angelfish (Centropyge boylei)

Barred spinefoot (Siganus doliatus)

Emperor angelfish (Pomacanthus imperator)

Soldier croaker (Nibea soldado)

Mottled spinefoot (Siganus fuscescens)

Yellowface angelfish (Pomacanthus xanthometopon)

Orange-spotted spinefoot (Siganus guttatus)

Brown-spotted spinefoot (Siganus stellatus)

Blue-girdled angelfish (Pomacanthus navarchus)

Blue-spotted spinefoot (Siganus corallinus)

Bengal sergeant (Abudefduf bengalensis)

Blackeye rabbitfish (Siganus puelloides)

Sixbar angelfish (Pomacanthus sexstriatus)

Yellowtail sergeant (Abudefduf notatus)

Indo-Pacific sergeant (Abudefduf vaigiensis)

Foxface rabbitfish (Siganus vulpinus)

Masked spinefoot (Siganus puellus)

Barhead spinefoot (Siganus virgatus)

Spotbanded scat (Selenotoca multifasciata)

Bicolored foxface (Siganus uspi)

Blackwedged butterflyfish (Chaetodon falcula)

Threadfin butterflyfish (Chaetodon auriga)

Lined surgeonfish (Acanthurus lineatus)

Beloniformes - Needlefishes

Flat needlefish (Ablennes hians)

Hound needlefish (Tylosurus crocodilus)

Anguilliformes - Eels and morays

Laced moray (Gymnothorax favagineus)

Fimbriated moray (Gymnothorax fimbriatus)

Giant moray (Gymnothorax javanicus)

Turkey moray (Gymnothorax meleagris)

Yellowmouth moray (Gymnothorax nudivomer)

Giant mottled eel (Anguilla marmorata)

Zebra moray (Gymnomuraena zebra)

Speckled longfin eel (Anguilla reinhardtii)

Indonesian shortfin eel (Anguilla bicolor)

Polynesian longfinned eel (Anguilla megastoma)

Gymnothorax undulatus (Gymnothorax undulatus)

Starry moray (Echidna nebulosa)

Napoleon snake eel (Ophichthus bonaparti)

Scombriformes - Mackerels

Wahoo (Acanthocybium solandri)

Dogtooth tuna (Gymnosarda unicolor)

Bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus)

Atlantic Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus maculatus)

Albacore (Thunnus alalunga)

Narrow-barred spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson)

Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares)

Scorpaeniformes - Mail-cheeked fishes

Wispy waspfish (Paracentropogon longispinis)

Ryukyu gurnard (Lepidotrigla ryukyuensis)

Estuarine stonefish (Synanceia horrida)

Spotfin lionfish (Pterois antennata)

Red lionfish (Pterois volitans)

Luna Lionfish (Pterois lunulata)

Mugiliformes - Mullets

Squaretail mullet (Ellochelon vaigiensis)

Flathead grey mullet (Mugil cephalus)

Tetraodontiformes - Puffers and filefishes

Broom filefish (Amanses scopas)

Ocean sunfish (Mola mola)

Spotted sharpnose puffer (Canthigaster solandri)

Valentin’s sharpnose puffer (Canthigaster valentini)

Black triggerfish (Melichthys niger)

White-banded triggerfish (Rhinecanthus aculeatus)

Long-spine porcupinefish (Diodon holocanthus)

Clown triggerfish (Balistoides conspicillum)

Spot-fin porcupinefish (Diodon hystrix)

Slender-spined porcupine fish (Diodon nicthemerus)

Orange-lined triggerfish (Balistapus undulatus)

Titan triggerfish (Balistoides viridescens)

White-spotted puffer (Arothron hispidus)

Immaculate puffer (Arothron immaculatus)

Stellate puffer (Arothron stellatus)

Pinktail triggerfish (Melichthys vidua)

Scrawled filefish (Aluterus scriptus)

Blackbelly triggerfish (Rhinecanthus verrucosus)

Mulliformes - Goatfishes

Manybar goatfish (Parupeneus multifasciatus)

Gold-saddle goatfish (Parupeneus cyclostomus)

Dash-and-dot goatfish (Parupeneus barberinus)

Yellowstripe goatfish (Mulloidichthys flavolineatus)

Istiophoriformes - Barracudas

Great barracuda (Sphyraena barracuda)

Yellowtail barracuda (Sphyraena flavicauda)

Blenniiformes - Blennies

Molly miller (Scartella cristata)

Rippled rockskipper (Istiblennius edentulus)

Trachiniformes - Weeverfishes

Speckled sandperch (Parapercis hexophtalma)

Latticed sandperch (Parapercis clathrata)

Reticulated sandperch (Parapercis tetracantha)

Pleuronectiformes - Flatfishes

Peacock flounder (Bothus mancus)

Leopard flounder (Bothus pantherinus)

Gobiiformes - Gobies

Blueband goby (Valenciennea strigata)

Pink-speckled shrimpgoby (Cryptocentrus leptocephalus)

Dusky frillgoby (Bathygobius fuscus)

Orange-spotted sleeper-goby (Valenciennea puellaris)

Aulopiformes - Grinners

Variegated lizardfish (Synodus variegatus)

Brushtooth lizardfish, large-scale grinner or largescale saury (Saurida undosquamis)

Gracile lizardfish (Saurida gracilis)

Acropomatiformes - Oceanic basses

Atlantic wreckfish (Polyprion americanus)

Holocentriformes - Squirrelfishes

Sabre squirrelfish (Sargocentron spiniferum)

Redcoat (Sargocentron rubrum)

Silverspot squirrelfish (Sargocentron caudimaculatum)

Beryciformes - Sawbellies

Alfonsino (Beryx decadactylus)

Lampriformes - Lamprids

Giant oarfish (Regalecus glesne)

Mediterranean dealfish (Trachipterus trachypterus)

Kurtiformes - Nurseryfishes & Cardinalfishes

Large-toothed cardinalfish (Cheilodipterus macrodon)

Five-lined cardinalfish (Cheilodipterus quinquelineatus)

Lophiiformes - Anglerfishes

Warty frogfish (Antennarius maculatus)

Painted frogfish (Antennarius pictus)

Striated frogfish (Antennarius striatus)

Syngnathiformes - Pipefishes and Seahorses

Network pipefish (Corythoichthys flavofasciatus)

Ringed pipefish (Dunckerocampus dactyliophorus)

Bluespotted cornetfish (Fistularia commersonii)

Callionymiformes - Dragonets

Mandarinfish (Synchiropus splendidus)

Ocellated dragonet (Synchiropus ocellatus)

Orange-black dragonet (Dactylopus kuiteri)

Moyer's dragonet (Synchiropus moyeri)

Carcharhiniformes - Ground sharks

Great hammerhead (Sphyrna mokarran)

Whitetip reef shark (Triaenodon obesus)

Blacktip reef shark (Carcharhinus melanopterus)

Blacktail reef shark (Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos)

Smooth hammerhead (Sphyrna zygaena)

Bull Shark (Carcharhinus leucas)

Silvertip shark (Carcharhinus albimarginatus)

Milk shark (Rhizoprionodon acutus)

Galapagos shark (Carcharhinus galapagensis)

Silky shark (Carcharhinus falciformis)

Orectolobiformes - Carpet shark

Zebra shark (Stegostoma tigrinum)

Blind shark (Brachaelurus waddi)

Tasselled wobbegong (Eucrossorhinus dasypogon)

Whale shark (Rhincodon typus)

Lamniformes - Mackerel sharks

Great white shark (Carcharodon carcharias)

Sand tiger shark (Carcharias taurus)

Smalltooth sand tiger (Odontaspis ferox)

Thresher (Alopias vulpinus)

Bigeye thresher (Alopias superciliosus)

Echinorhiniformes - Bramble sharks

Prickly shark (Echinorhinus cookei)

Gonorynchiformes - Milkfishes

Milkfish (Chanos chanos)

Beaked salmon (Gonorynchus gonorynchus)

Myliobatiformes - Stingrays

Cowtail stingray (Pastinachus sephen)

Blue-spotted stingray (Neotrygon kuhlii)

Plavopega trakorepa raža (Taeniura lymma)

Round ribbontail ray (Taeniurops meyeni)

Giant manta ray (Mobula birostris)

Ophidiiformes - Cusk-eels

Pudgy cuskeel (Spectrunculus grandis)

Brunswig's Cusk-eel (Lamprogrammus brunswigi)

Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands. With an area of 7,617,930 square kilometres (2,941,300 sq mi), Australia is the largest country by area in Oceania and the world’s sixth-largest country.

Australia is the oldest, flattest, and driest inhabited continent, with the least fertile soils. It is a megadiverse country, and its size gives it a wide variety of landscapes and climates, with deserts in the centre, tropical rainforests in the northeast, and mountain ranges in the southeast.

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