Mediterranean Sea

Water type: Sea
Connection to the ocean: Atlantic Ocean
Climate: Subtropical

Perciformes - Perches

Bastard grunt (Pomadasys incisus)

White grouper (Epinephelus aeneus)

Damselfish (Chromis chromis)

Malabar grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus)

Blacktail comber (Serranus atricauda)

Bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix)

Goldblotch grouper (Epinephelus costae)

Dusky grouper (Epinephelus marginatus)

Rubberlip grunt (Plectorhinchus mediterraneus)

Swallowtail sea perch (Anthias anthias)

Brown comber (Serranus hepatus)

Painted comber (Serranus scriba)

Comber (Serranus cabrilla)

Centrarchiformes - Basses and sunfishes

Brassy chub (Kyphosus vaigiensis)

Acipenseriformes - Sturgeons and Paddlefish

European sea sturgeon (Acipenser sturio)

Gadiformes - Cods

Silvery pout (Gadiculus argenteus)

Poor cod (Trisopterus minutus)

Shore rockling (Gaidropsarus mediterraneus)

Whiting (Merlangius merlangus)

Spanish ling (Molva macrophthalma)

Blue ling (Molva dypterygia)

Greater forkbeard (Phycis blennoides)

Forkbeard (Phycis phycis)

European hake (Merluccius merluccius)

Pouting (Trisopterus luscus)

Spariformes - Breams and porgies

Pink dentex (Dentex gibbosus)

Red porgy (Pagrus pagrus)

Gilt-head bream (Sparus aurata)

Blotched picarel (Spicara maena)

Sand steenbras (Lithognathus mormyrus)

Salema (Sarpa salpa)

Common dentex (Dentex dentex)

Sharpsnout seabream (Diplodus puntazzo)

Annular seabream (Diplodus annularis)

Redbanded seabream (Pagrus auriga)

Sargo (Diplodus sargus)

Blackspot seabream (Pagellus bogaraveo)

Bogue (Boops boops)

Common two-banded sea bream (Diplodus vulgaris)

Common pandora (Pagellus erythrinus)

Saddled seabream (Oblada melanura)

Black seabream (Spondyliosoma cantharus)

Zebra sea bream (Diplodus cervinus)

Axillary seabream (Pagellus acarne)

Zeiformes - Dories

John Dory (Zeus faber)

Carangiformes - Jacks

Common dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus)

False scad (Caranx rhonchus)

Greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili)

Swordfish (Xiphias gladius)

Rainbow runner (Elagatis bipinnulata)

Crevalle jack (Caranx hippos)

Mediterranean spearfish (Tetrapturus belone)

Mediterranean horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus)

Atlantic sailfish (Istiophorus albicans)

Leerfish (Lichia amia)

Blue marlin (Makaira nigricans)

Pompano (Trachinotus ovatus)

Atlantic white marlin (Kajikia albida)

Atlantic horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus)

Cobia (Rachycentron canadum)

Scombriformes - Mackerels

Little tunny (Euthynnus alletteratus)

Bullet tuna (Auxis rochei)

Atlantic bonito (Sarda sarda)

Atlantic chub mackerel (Scomber colias)

Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus)

Narrow-barred spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson)

Wahoo (Acanthocybium solandri)

Albacore (Thunnus alalunga)

Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus)

Labriformes - Wrasses

Brown wrasse (Labrus merula)

Mediterranean parrotfish (Sparisoma cretense)

Baillon’s wrasse (Symphodus bailloni)

Cuckoo wrasse (Labrus mixtus)

Pointed-snout wrasse (Symphodus rostratus)

Mediterranean rainbow wrasse (Coris julis)

Five-spotted wrasse (Symphodus roissali)

East Atlantic peacock wrasse (Symphodus tinca)

Black-tailed wrasse (Centrolabrus melanocercus)

Axillary wrasse (Symphodus mediterraneus)

Goldsinny wrasse (Ctenolabrus rupestris)

Ocellated wrasse (Symphodus ocellatus)

Corkwing wrasse (Symphodus melops)

Ornate wrasse (Thalassoma pavo)

Grey wrasse (Symphodus cinereus)

Pearly razorfish (Xyrichtys novacula)

Green wrasse (Labrus viridis)

Mugiliformes - Mullets

Boxlip mullet (Oedalechilus labeo)

Flathead grey mullet (Mugil cephalus)

Leaping mullet (Chelon saliens)

Thinlip grey mullet (Chelon ramada)

Thicklip grey mullet (Chelon labrosus)

Clupeiformes - Herrings

Allis shad (Alosa alosa)

European pilchard (Sardina pilchard)

Twaite shad (Alosa fallax)

European sprat (Sprattus sprattus)

European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus)

Moroniformes - Temperate basses

European bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Spotted seabass (Dicentrarchus punctatus)

Acanthuriformes - Surgeonfishes

Emperor angelfish (Pomacanthus imperator)

Dusky spinefoot (Siganus luridus)

Canary drum (Umbrina canariensis)

Meagre (Argyrosomus regius)

Shi drum (Umbrina cirrosa)

Brown meagre (Sciaena umbra)

Anguilliformes - Eels and morays

European eel (Anguilla anguilla)

European conger (Conger conger)

Mediterranean moray (Muraena helena)

Scorpaeniformes - Mail-cheeked fishes

Red lionfish (Pterois volitans)

Devil firefish (Pterois miles)

Longspined bullhead (Taurulus bubalis)

Bartail flathead (Platycephalus indicus)

Black scorpionfish (Scorpaena porcus)

Madeira rockfish (Scorpaena maderensis)

Small red scorpionfish (Scorpaena notata)

Grey gurnard (Eutrigla gurnardus)

Tub gurnard (Chelidonichthys lucerna)

Streaked gurnard (Chelidonichthys lastoviza)

Red scorpionfish (Scorpaena scrofa)

Mulliformes - Goatfishes

Striped red mullet (Mullus surmuletus)

Red mullet (Mullus barbatus)

Istiophoriformes - Barracudas

Yellowmouth Barracuda (Sphyraena viridensis)

European barracuda (Sphyraena sphyraena)

Yellowtail barracuda (Sphyraena flavicauda)

Tetraodontiformes - Puffers and filefishes

Grey triggerfish (Balistes capriscus)

Beloniformes - Needlefishes

Garfish (Belone belone)

Agujon Needlefish (Tylosurus acus)

Blenniiformes - Blennies

Adriatic blenny (Microlipophrys adriaticus)

Longstriped blenny (Parablennius rouxi)

Basilisk Blenny (Salaria basilisca)

Butterfly blenny (Blennius ocellaris)

Sphinx blenny (Aidablennius sphynx)

Shanny (Lipophrys pholis)

Gurnard blenny (Lipophrys trigloides)

Peacock blenny (Salaria pavo)

Zvonimir's blenny (Parablennius zvonimiri)

Molly miller (Scartella cristata)

Tentacled blenny (Parablennius tentacularis)

Rusty blenny (Parablennius sanguinolentus)

Red-black triplefin (Tripterygion tripteronotum)

Mystery blenny (Parablennius incognitus)

Tompot blenny (Parablennius gattorugine)

Montagu’s blenny (Coryphoblennius galerita)

Ringneck blenny (Parablennius pilicornis)

Trachiniformes - Weeverfishes

Lesser weever (Echiichthys vipera)

Greater weever (Trachinus draco)

Atlantic stargazer (Uranoscopus scaber)

Pleuronectiformes - Flatfishes

Common sole (Solea solea)

Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis)

Wide-eyed flounder (Bothus podas)

European plaice (Pleuronectes platessa)

Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)

Gobiiformes - Gobies

Two-spotted goby (Pomatoschistus flavescens)

Black goby (Gobius niger)

Common goby (Pomatoschistus microps)

Giant goby (Gobius cobitis)

Sand goby (Pomatoschistus minutus)

Caucasian dwarf goby (Knipowitschia caucasica)

Incognito goby (Gobius incognitus)

Chameleon goby (Tridentiger trigonocephalus)

Transparent goby (Aphia minuta)

Bucchich's goby (Gobius bucchichii)

Yellow-headed goby (Gobius xanthocephalus)

Fries's goby (Lesueurigobius friesii)

Leopard-spotted goby (Thorogobius ephippiatus)

Golden goby (Gobius auratus)

Frillfin goby (Bathygobius soporator)

Rock goby (Gobius paganellus)

Red-mouthed goby (Gobius cruentatus)

Aulopiformes - Grinners

Atlantic lizardfish (Synodus saurus)

Acropomatiformes - Oceanic basses

Atlantic wreckfish (Polyprion americanus)

Lampriformes - Lamprids

North Atlantic opah (Lampris guttatus)

Mediterranean dealfish (Trachipterus trachypterus)

Giant oarfish (Regalecus glesne)

Kurtiformes - Nurseryfishes & Cardinalfishes

Mediterranean cardinalfish (Apogon imberbis)

Syngnathiformes - Pipefishes and Seahorses

Black-striped pipefish (Syngnathus abaster)

Bluespotted cornetfish (Fistularia commersonii)

Broadnosed pipefish (Syngnathus typhle)

Greater pipefish (Syngnathus acus)

Dactylopteriformes - Flying gurnards

Flying gurnard (Dactylopterus volitans)

Lophiiformes - Anglerfishes

Blackbellied anglerfish (Lophius budegassa)

European anglerfish (Lophius piscatorius)

Atheriniformes - Silversides

Sand smelt (Atherina presbyter)

Big-scale sand smelt (Atherina boyeri)

Cyprinodontiformes - Toothcarps

Mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus)

Mediterranean banded killifish (Aphanius fasciatus)

Argentiniformes - Marine smelts

Argentine (Argentina sphyraena)

Batrachoidiformes - Toadfishes

Lusitanian toadfish (Halobatrachus didactylus)

Callionymiformes - Dragonets

Reticulated dragonet (Callionymus reticulatus)

Common dragonet (Callionymus lyra)

Orectolobiformes - Carpet shark

Whale shark (Rhincodon typus)

Carcharhiniformes - Ground sharks

Tope shark (Galeorhinus galeus)

Blackmouth catshark (Galeus melastomus)

Nursehound (Scyliorhinus stellaris)

Lesser spotted dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula)

Blacktip reef shark (Carcharhinus melanopterus)

Common smooth-hound (Mustelus mustelus)

Starry smooth-hound (Mustelus asterias)

Blue shark (Prionace glauca)

Lamniformes - Mackerel sharks

Thresher (Alopias vulpinus)

Smalltooth sand tiger (Odontaspis ferox)

Basking shark (Cetorhinus maximus)

Shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus)

Porbeagle (Lamna nasus)

Sand tiger shark (Carcharias taurus)

Great white shark (Carcharodon carcharias)

Squaliformes - Sleeper and dogfish sharks

Spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias)

Myliobatiformes - Stingrays

Round fantail stingray (Taeniurops grabatus)

Common eagle ray (Myliobatis aquila)

Marbled stingray (Dasyatis marmorata)

Common stingray (Dasyatis pastinaca)

Rajiformes - Skates and rays

Common skate (Dipturus batis)

Rhinopristiformes - Shovelnose rays

Common guitarfish (Rhinobatos rhinobatos)

Myctophiformes - Lanternfishes

Spotted lanternfish (Myctophum punctatum)

Squatiniformes - Angelsharks

Smoothback angelshark (Squatina oculata)

Angelshark (Squatina squatina)

Sredozemno ili Mediteransko more, je more koje se nalazi između Evrope na severu, Azije na istoku i Afrike na jugu, a povezano je sa Atlantskim okeanom kroz Gibraltarski moreuz na zapadu, sa Indijskim okeanom na jugoistoku preko Sueckog kanala i Crvenog mora, a sa Crnim morem preko Bosfora.

Zemlje koje okružuju Sredozemno more nazivaju se zemljama Sredozemlja, a celo područje mora i obalnih zemalja Sredozemlje.

Salinitet mu je 38 promila, najveća dubina 5.121 m (nedaleko od Peloponeza).

Sredozemno more ima negativni bilans dotoka vode: leti ispari 4.690 km³, a sa padavinama i rečnim pritokama dobije svega 1.830 km³ vode. Procena je da bi bez bez stalnog dotoka vode iz Atlantskog okeana kroz Gibraltarski moreuz, ovo more potpuno presušilo za približno 1500 godina.

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